老鼠记者第二本历史知识Egyptian Pharaohs

老鼠记者第二本第14章The Secret of the Pyramids!提到了三位埃及法老（Cheops, Chephren和Mykerinos）。我们了解一下三位法老：

Cheops (胡夫):

Khufu (in Greek known as Cheops) was a Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's Old Kingdom. He reigned from around 2589 BC to 2566 BC. He was the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty.

He is famous for building the Great Pyramid at Giza, one of the seven wonders of the world, but apart from this, we know very little about him. His only surviving statue is, ironically, the smallest piece of Egyptian royal sculpture ever discovered: a 7.5 cm (3 inch) high ivory statue found at Abydos.

Khufu came to the throne, probably during his twenties, and at once began work on his pyramid. The entire project took about 23 years to complete, during which time 2,300,000 building blocks, weighing an average of 2.5 tons each, were moved.

There are two theories surrounding the construction of his pyramid. The first theory, suggested by the Greeks, suggests that slaves were forced to work until the Pyramid was done. The more logical and more supported theory, however, suggests that the Great Pyramid of Egypt was built by hundreds of skilled workers who camped near the pyramids and worked for a salary until the construction of the pyramid was completed.

Chephren(哈夫拉):

Khafre, also spelled Khafra, or Chephren (Greek name), (flourished 26th century BCE), fourth king of the 4th dynasty (c. 2575–c. 2465 BCE) of ancient Egypt and builder of the second of the three Pyramids of Giza. He is also credited as the builder of the Great Sphinx of Giza (狮身人面像).

Khafre was the son of King Khufu and succeeded the short-lived Redjedef, probably his elder brother. He married his sister Khamerernebti, Meresankh III, and perhaps two other queens. Although many of his relatives were hastily buried in cheap tombs, his own pyramid was almost as vast as the Great Pyramid of his father. Khafre’s valley temple was linked to the pyramid by a causeway. Near the causeway is located the Great Sphinx, which many consider to bear Khafre’s features.

Mykerinos(孟卡拉):

Menkaure, also spelled Menkure, Greek Mykerinos, (flourished 26th century ), fifth (according to some traditions, sixth) king of the 4th dynasty (c. 2575–c. 2465 BCE) of Egypt; he built the third and smallest of the three Pyramids of Giza.

He was the son and probably the successor of Khafre and reigned for 18 (or 28) years. Menkaure is viewed favorably by both the Greeks and the Egyptian texts. Like his father and grandfather before him, Menkaure began building his pyramid and temple complex at Giza. Although his pyramid and mortuary temple were unfinished at his death, his successor, Shepseskaf, completed the stonework of the mortuary temple in brick.